The Road to Timbuktou, Part I

I wrote last from Sevare, just outside of the Dogon Counrtry of south-central Mali. To elaborate a little, the Dogon live along a big, flat-topped cliff that marks a welcome rise from hundreds of miles of flatlands to the south. Traditionally they lived in mud-brick and stone houses built right into the face of the cliff, which you can still see, not unlike some Native American dwellings in New Mexico and Arizona. They still bury some of their dead in fissures high up on the cliffs, little cracks in the rock that they reach with rope made from baobab trees. Today most Dogon live near their fields of millet on the plains below and on top of the cliff, or in nearby towns, and although many still practice their traditional religion, others are Christian or Muslim. I visited Dogon Country with a native guide, who drank bags of pre-mixed gin and tonic as we walked, and who hung out with his raucous African buddies at night, so what is considered one of west Africa's most extraordinary places became in fact a bit tediuous. But the trip continued, thankfully alone.

In Sevare, a tranport link at the edge of Dogon Country, I had the choice of a day's direct ride to Timbuktou, or taking the long way to Timbuktou.

In centuries past, Timbuktou marked the end of the trans-Saharan caravans that linked Europe, the Arab lands, and Sub-Saharan Africa. It grew on the riches of the caravans -- slaves and gold going north, salt and other goods coming south -- and was the capital of an empire when Europe was a mess of sqwabbling, pest-addled kingdoms. For the Muslim world, it was a center of scholarship in astronomy, religion, medicine, and other fields before a series of armies ran it into the ground. Trade with Europe eventually dwindled as European ships brought trade goods to Africa's coast, circumventing the caravans, and Timbuktoo fell into decline, retaining only a whisper of its former glory. Dozens of Europeans tried to reach it over the centuries, but the first ones didn't arrive until the 1820s. Today you can fly here, or take a day's ride from Sevare as I might have, but the place retains its allure and I didn't want to spoil the fun by getting here the easy way.

So, from Sevare I took a bus east to a town called Hombori, and spent four days there and in the nearby village of Daari. This is a mountainous part of Mali that looks a lot like New Mexico, with an arid landscape and huge mesas rising out of flatlands. I hiked to the near-top of the 'Cle de Hombori,' picking thorns out of my flip-flops along the way, and watched hawks and eagles flying below me and a spectacular view of Tondo Hombori, Mali's highest peak at 1155 meters, and a vast plain that dissolved into dust-laden air. I spent another day climbing around the 'Main de Fatima,' a formation of five giant rock spires farther down the road, but I got caught hiking in the mid-day sun, and despite plenty of water and sunscreen I got completely slammed by the heat. I spent the rest of that day in my hut praying for evening and the coolness that comes with it, sucking down water and craving salt. I have some watercolors from this landscape that I hope to use as studies for a painting of a vast, silent landscape, starting with thorns and brambles and yellow grasses and continuing with little dots of paint into infinity.

At the base of the 'Main de Fatima' is the Fulani village of Daari. Traditionally semi-nomadic goat and cattle-herders, the Fulani live across Sahelian West-Africa, and often look different from other Africans: thinner, somewhat lighter-skinned, the women often with hair braided in long strands across their heads. Of the many overlapping ethnic groups in west Africa, I somehow like the Fulani the most. My friend in Benin was Fulani, and I stayed with his Fulani family in Niger, and the town of Dori where I stayed with a Peace Corps volunteer is mostly Fulani. The village of Daari, however, was one of the most miserable I've seen, and the villagers, being used to tourists, ran up to me demanding gifts and showing me hideous infections and deformities.

As in many other villages, the women of Daari used a small, seasonal water hole for washing, bathing, and drinking and cooking, and this water was the most putrid, foul-smelling, nasty water you could imagine. It was shared by their animals, cow droppings everywhere, and I saw a kid going to the bathroom on the shoreline, but I don't think they've made the connection between water quality and illness. It's ironic, because generally people really care about hygiene, they wash a lot, wash their clothes a lot, wash their hands and feet before praying, and use only their right 'clean' hand to greet people.

In Africa, people really do get sick more often, children die in infancy, adults die younger, accidents happen, and there's no welfare, no health insurance, no protection from the uncontrollable forces of nature and man, only the comfort of family and religion. In the cities, there are sewers with enormous sections of concrete missing, so one misstep and you've either broken your leg or you're soaking in a nasty brew of urine and trash. In restaurants, the metal fans behind refridgerators often face common areas, ready to cut the fingers of anyone walking too close. Traffic is a terror, malaria comes with the rainy season...if I lived here, I would also become superstitious and religious.

This first week or so in Mali was interesting, but it was exhausting, and it felt good to finally catch a bus and be on the move again.